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Middle East
The Middle East is one of the world’s most important areas as it is here that the ‘Cradle of Civilisation’ developed, which by its central position became the crossroads of the world as its influence spread to all mankind. Home to a diverse historical, cultural and religious heritage and the world’s oldest ruins, including monuments, antiquities and cities, the Middle East is still full of eastern promise, mysticism and untold stories. Highlights include the fascinating earthen mounds, walls and remains of the ancient city of Uruk, the unusual rock city of Petra, the impressive ruins of Persepolis and the spectacular Roman ruins of Ephesus which give some indication of the importance of the region. Additionally the Middle East is full of architectural wonders old and new, such as the beautifully simplistic Shah Mosque of Esfahan, the unique Blue Mosque with its six minarets and the Hagia Sophia of Istanbul, the rock dwellings of Cappadocia and the ultra modern and luxurious, iconic tower of the Burj Al Arab of Dubai. Perhaps more importantly the Middle East is also home to many religious centres such as the holy city of Jerusalem, which contains amongst other sites the Western Wall, the Dome of the Rock and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Mecca, the holiest meeting site of the Islamic religion and home to the Kaaba to which all Muslims pray, and Najaf in Iraq where the Imam Ali Mosque is located. Full of interesting sites and fascinating history, the Middle East draws visitors from all walks of life, many of which are searching for answers to life’s major questions!!

Historically the Middle East has been an evolving dynamic area and geographically has undergone changes to its unseen borders. The region today encompasses the countries in the landmass located between the shores of the Mediterranean and the Red Sea to the western border area of Afghanistan and Pakistan, and from the northern Black and Caspian Seas to the shores of the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Oman in the south.

The terrain of the Middle East is considered generally to be a hot, dry and dusty, arid area, home to many desert and mountain regions, such as the Great Arabian Desert of Saudia Arabia and the Taurus Mountains of Turkey. It does however also include the fertile area of the so called ‘Fertile Crescent’, which is known as the original birthplace of early agriculture and cultivation, the forming of farming settlements, the development of complex communities and the beginnings of early civilisation. Evidence also suggests the beginnings of writing and the invention of the wheel occurred within the area!! This crescent extends from the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and the south coast of Turkey, an area from which the River Tigris and Euphrates start their long journey to the sea at the Gulf of Oman. It was in the land between these two great rivers that the ancient area of Mesopotamia was located in which the historically famous states of Ubaid, Sumer, Assyria and Babylon, and later these states evolved into Iraq and Persia, which is today known as Iran. It is this dynamic region which is known as the ‘Cradle of Civilisation’.

 
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United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) is located in the southern hook of the Persian Gulf, and extends through the Arabian Peninsula that separates the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. The U.A.E. is a federation of seven emirates which united in 1971 to form the country and include Abu Dhabi, Ajman, ...
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