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China
The People’s Republic of China, or less formally China, is one of the world’s oldest civilisations and can trace its history over a period of almost 4,000 years. Today this rich and extensive cultural heritage draws visitors from around the world to see such awe inspiring sites such as the incredible Great Wall, the stunning Forbidden City and the incomparable Terracotta Warriors. Of course if it’s not historical sites which attracts visitors it could be the culture, customs and festivals, the thrill of exploring some of the world’s fastest growing cities, the endless shopping opportunities, the hustle and bustle of traditional markets, the delight of classic Chinese parks and gardens, the exhilaration of seeing the site of the 2008 Olympic Games or enjoying some of the world’s greatest scenery. Whatever it is, China is a unique destination and provides visitors with an unimaginable number of outstanding attractions and stunning areas of great natural beauty.
Due to China’s extensive heritage many visitor attraction are of an historic nature with popular destinations including the Mogao Caves which lie on the old Silk Road and contain 1,000 years of Buddhist art; the 14th century city of PingYao which is an outstanding example of a Han Chinese city of the Ming and Qing dynasties; the Potala Palace in Lhasa which has been the winter palace of the Dalai Lama since the 7th century; the archaeological site of Yin Xu which was the ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty (1300-1046 B.C.) and the Peking Man site at Zhoukoudian which illustrates the evolution of mankind.
The scenery also plays a major role in exploring the country with great natural beauty being found in the limestone peaks of the Lijiang River; the high altitude plains and plateaus which culminate in the inhospitable and incomparable Mount Everest which lies on the Tibetan/Nepalese border; the breathtaking beauty of the Huanglong Valley and the classic Chinese landscapes of Mount Huangshan. Since China is such an old country many landscapes have been shaped or created through the efforts of man with the Ping An and Jinkeng Rice Terraces of Longsheng County being particularly well known; as is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal which began construction in the 5th century B.C; the picturesque and historic water town of Suzhou which is recognised as one of the major tourist attractions in the country; the beautiful scenery of Luoping in eastern Yunnan which is popular in spring for its endless fields of canola and the spectacular rice paddy terracing in Yuanyang County, Yunnan. The landscape is also scattered with vital, exciting and cosmopolitan destinations such as the sophisticated city Hong Kong, historic Macau, bustling Shanghai, picturesque Guilin, ancient Xi’an and the major cultural and capital city of and Beijing. Within these cities visitors are able to explore the culture and heritage which reflect this dynamic country that stretches over thousands of kilometres of extremely diverse terrain and is home to 1.33 billion people from over 50 diverse ethnic groups.
China is the fourth largest country in the world and enjoys a great range of climates and consists of a great variety of landforms. These range from extensive mountain ranges, large high altitude desert plateaus, low basins, huge rivers and extensive flood plains. Stretching over 9.6 million square kilometres the terrain can be divided into three distinct regions. The highest of the regions is generally known as the ‘Roof of the World’ and lies in the far south-west of China. The region includes the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau which averages 4,500 metres above sea level and all 14 of the world’s 8,000 metre and higher peaks. The second region includes the Loess Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, as well as the Tarim, Dzungaria and Sichuan basins which lie at an average elevation of between 1,000 and 2,000 metres above sea level. While the third region falls from the higher elevations of the Greater Hinggan, Taihang, Wushan and Xuefeng mountain ranges to the eastern coastal plains. The fertile alluvial plains include the North China Plain and the Yangtze Plain which are broken by rivers and interspersed with low hills.
 
Quick Facts
Population:1.3 billion
Language:Chinese
Capital:Beijing
Currency:Yuan
Dialling Code:86
Voltage:220
Website:www.cnto.org
 
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Beijing
Beijing is one of the ‘ancient capitals of China’ and today remains the capital of the People’s Republic. It is an exciting, vibrant city and the major political and cultural heart of the nation being recognised as one of the world’s great historical centres and home to the main national institutio...
Shanghai
The city of Shanghai is located on the eastern coast of China and overlooks the East China Sea. Shanghai is China’s largest city and is recognised as the country’s main commercial and financial centre, and is often described as the ‘showpiece’ of China’s booming economy. The city is bisected by th...
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